ارائه الگوی شکل‌گیری امید اجتماعی دانش‌آموزان بر پایه نقش تربیت‌بدنی در مدارس

یحیی  مرتضوی نسب; طاهره ازمشا; فرزانه  هاشمی; آتوسا  قاسمی نژاد دهکردی

Authors

Yahya Mortazavinasab Department of Physical Education, Sho.C., Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran. Author https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3490-1812
Tahereh Azmsha Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran Corresponding author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3077-2306
Farzaneh Hashemi Department of Physical Education, Ahv.C., Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran. Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3627-261X
Atousa Ghaseminezhad Dehkordi Department of Physical Education, Ahv.C., Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran. Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6071-4094

Keywords:

Social Hope, Physical Education, Students, Schools, Data-Based Theory, Structural Equation Modeling

Abstract

The present study aimed to present and validate the model of students' social hope formation based on the educational, psychological, and social capacities of physical education lessons in schools. This study was conducted with a mixed approach and a sequential qualitative-quantitative exploratory design. In the qualitative section, 19 experts in physical education, sports management, and education were selected using purposive and criterion sampling methods, and semi-structured interviews continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. The data were analyzed based on Strauss and Corbin's data-based theory and through open, axial, and selective coding stages. The validity of the qualitative findings was examined using the criteria of validity, transferability, reliability, and confirmability. In the quantitative section, a researcher-made questionnaire based on qualitative findings was developed and distributed among 384 physical education teachers in Khuzestan province after confirming face and content validity. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.80 and the data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS version 23 software and structural equation modeling. The results of structural equation modeling showed that the effect of causal conditions on the central category was significant (β=0.53, CR=5.21, p=0.003). Also, contextual conditions on strategies (β=0.66, CR=6.30, p=0.002), central category on strategies (β=0.60, CR=5.15, p=0.003) and intervening conditions on strategies (β=0.58, CR=4.10, p=0.001) had a positive and significant effect. The highest path coefficient was assigned to the effect of strategies on outcomes (β=0.68, CR=6.69, p=0.003). The fit indices also confirmed the suitability of the final model (χ²/df=1.34, RMSEA=0.040, CFI=0.93, GFI=0.92, AGFI=0.92, NFI=0.90). The proposed model has a good empirical fit and shows that targeted, participatory physical education tailored to the needs of students can enhance their social hope by strengthening resilience, self-efficacy, social interactions, sense of belonging, and sustainable sports participation.

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