اعتباریابی الگوی کیفیت بخشی درس کارورزی دانشجویان دانشگاه فرهنگیان
کلمات کلیدی:
اعتباریابی, کیفیتبخشی, درس کارورزی, تربیت معلم, دانشجویان دانشگاه فرهنگیانچکیده
هدف پژوهش ارائه و اعتباریابی الگوی کیفیتبخشی درس کارورزی دانشجویان دانشگاه فرهنگیان است. این پژوهش از نوع کاربردی و با رویکرد آمیخته اکتشافی انجام شد. در مرحله کیفی، دادهها از طریق مصاحبه نیمهساختاریافته با 24 نفر از اساتید، متخصصان، مدیران و دانشجومعلمان دانشگاه فرهنگیان گردآوری و با روش نظریه دادهبنیاد نظاممند (کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی) تحلیل شد. در مرحله کمی، جامعه آماری 1080 نفر از دانشجومعلمان و معلمان و مدیران مدارس استان تهران بود که براساس جدول مورگان 285 نفر به روش طبقهای تصادفی انتخاب شدند. ابزار پژوهش پرسشنامه محققساخته مبتنی بر نتایج مرحله کیفی بود. روایی ابزار با روش CVR و روایی صوری و محتوایی و پایایی با آلفای کرونباخ تأیید شد. دادههای کمی با تحلیل عاملی تأییدی در نرمافزارهای SPSS و LISREL تحلیل شدند. یافتههای مرحله کیفی منجر به استخراج 132 کد باز، 27 کد محوری و 6 مؤلفه اصلی ذیل الگوی پارادایمی شد. پدیده محوری شامل پنج محور (کمک به درک فلسفه کارورزی، انتقال تجارب، تعامل دانشگاه و مدرسه، پیوند دانش نظری و عملی، و تسهیلگری نقش) استخراج شد. در مرحله کمی، تمامی ابعاد الگو از برازش مطلوب برخوردار بودند. شاخصهای برازش (X²/df < 3، RMSEA < 0.08، CFI و GFI > 0.90) نشان داد مدل نهایی از اعتبار بالایی برخوردار است و ساختار پیشنهادی الگو تأیید شد. کارورزی، عنصر کلیدی تربیت معلم است و اعتباریابی الگوی ارائهشده نشان میدهد که تقویت ارتباط دانشگاه و مدرسه، بازنگری برنامه درسی کارورزی، ارتقای توانمندی معلمان راهنما، بهبود نظارت عملی، و ایجاد فرهنگ حمایتی میتواند به کیفیتبخشی مؤثر درس کارورزی بینجامد. اجرای الگوی نهایی موجب بهبود مهارتهای حرفهای دانشجومعلمان، ارتقای کیفیت تدریس و فراهمسازی زمینه تحول آموزشی میشود.
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حق نشر 2025 Seyed Amirhosein AliNattaj Sadati (Author); Hamid Shafizadeh (Corresponding author); Nader Soleimani (Author)

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